Kathakali is a form of traditional and divine Indian dance-drama that originated in the Southern Indian state of Kerala four centuries ago. It has traditionally been performed in Hindu temples, but nowadays it may also be seen in theatres. The name Kathakali derives from the Malayalam words "katha" (meaning story) and "kali" (meaning play).

Kathakali is a combination of five elements of fine art: ‘Natyam’ (Expressions, mainly facial, ‘Nritham’ (Dance, with emphasis on rhythm and movement of hands, legs and body), ‘Nrithyam’ (Enactment, the element of drama with emphasis on "mudras" (hand gestures), ‘Geetham’ (Song) and ‘Vadyam’ (Instrumental music)

Traditionally there are 101 classical Kathakali stories from the epics, most of them initially composed to last a whole night. Today (except in temples), the play is shortened to last for 3 or 4 hours selecting the most intersting parts. Now, stories from Bible and old Roman literarure, and even dramas of Shakespear have been used for the performance, thought they do not get much audience in India.

The language of the songs used for Kathakali is a mix of Malayalam and Sanskrit, known as Manipravaalam. Even though the songs are set for “ragas” based on South Indian Classical Music” (Karnatic Music), there is a distinct style of rendition known as the “sopanam” style, that incorporates the moods of temple.

Kathakali is usually performed in front of a Kalivilakku (“dance lamp”). Actors play with music (geetha) and traditional local instruments (vadya) - Chenda, Maddalam and Edakka- in the background. In addition, the singers use "Chengala" (a round disc made of bell metal, which can be struck with a wooden stick) and "Ilathaalom" (a pair of cymbals). One thing typical about the Kathakali is that the actors never speak: they use hand gestures, expressions and rhythmic dancing.

One needs several years of training (8-10 year) to professionally perform Kathakali in a stage. Dancers also undergo special excercises for different parts of the body and special maassage for flexibility. Special practice is also given for the movements of eyes.